caddy
Presidential evidence

Can presidents really be ranked by IQ?

Some early presidents have published historiometric estimates. Later presidents do not. This explorer separates model outputs, viral claims, office records, and unknown scores.

Simonton's 2006 values are biographical model estimates—not administered IQ tests. The study does not cover Obama, Trump, or Biden.
Historical estimate

George Washington

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Historical estimate

Thomas Jefferson

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Historical estimate

Abraham Lincoln

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Historical estimate

John F. Kennedy

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Historical estimate

Ronald Reagan

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Unknown

Barack Obama

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Disputed claim

Donald Trump

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record
Unknown

Joe Biden

Presidential biography is separated from IQ evidence; retrospective estimates are never represented as administered tests.

Open evidence record